Palaeoclimatic estimates for a latest Miocene-Pliocene flora from the Siwalik Group of Bhutan: Evidence for the development of the South Asian Monsoon in the eastern Himalaya

doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2018.10.019

	Palaeoclimatic estimates for a latest Miocene-Pliocene flora from the Siwalik Group of Bhutan: Evidence for the development of the South Asian Monsoon in the eastern Himalaya
	Khan, Mahasin Ali 1; Bera, Meghma 1; Spicer, Robert A.; Spicer, Teresa E. V.; Bera, Subir 1
	2019
发表期刊	PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY
ISSN	0031-0182
卷号	514 页码:326-335
摘要	Fossil leaf floras, from the latest Miocene-Pliocene Siwalik Group exposed in Bhutan, sub-Himalaya, are subjected to a CLAMP (Climate Leaf Analysis Multivariate Program) analysis using a high-resolution gridded climate calibration. The CLAMP analysis of 27 different morphotypes of fossil leaves indicates a mean annual temperature (MAT) of 24.1 degrees C +/- 2.8 degrees C; a cold month mean temperature (CMMT) of 18.9 degrees C +/- 4 degrees C and a warm month mean temperature (WMMT) of 27.8 degrees C +/- 3.3 degrees C. The analysis also suggests a weak monsoonal climate (the monsoon index, MSI 46.7; present MSI 52) with growing season precipitation (GSP) of 1819 +/- 916 mm (present GSP 2490 mm). Here we also compare palaeoclimate estimates of the latest Miocene-Pliocene Siwalik Group flora from Bhutan (c. 6 to 3.8 Ma) with those of previously investigated Siwalik Group floras from the Miocene-Pleistocene of Arunachal, India and Miocene Siwalik floras of Darjeeling, India which characterise the monsoon signature at the time of deposition. Since all the Siwalik floras of the eastern Himalaya (Darjeeling and Arunachal Pradesh) spanning the mid-Miocene to Pleistocene yield almost the same values we suggest that overall the eastern Himalayan Siwalik climate appears to have been remarkably uniform over the past 15 million years. The MAT result of the Bhutan Siwalik flora differs by just 0.6 degrees C from Arunachal and 1.2 degrees C from Darjeeling Siwalik floras. For all Siwalik fossil assemblages, WMMTs, CMMTs and LGSs (length of the growing season) are similar and consistent (WMMTs around 28 degrees C, CMMTs around 18 degrees C and LGSs around 12 months). Similarly, the mean annual relative humidity (RH) and specific humidity (SH) appear to have been uniformly around 80% and 14 g/kg respectively throughout the Neogene of the eastern Himalayan Siwaliks. Changes in the monsoon index suggest that in both Bhutan and Arunachal sub-Himalaya, there has been little change in the intensity of the monsoon since mid-Miocene time, while further west in the Darjeeling area precipitation seasonality has increased since the mid-Miocene.
关键词	Fossil leaves CLAMP Neogene Precipitation seasonality MSI Eastern Bhutan
学科领域	Geography, Physical ; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary ; Paleontology
DOI	10.1016/j.palaeo.2018.10.019
收录类别	SCI
语种	英语
WOS关键词	SEDIMENTS MIDDLE MIOCENE ; TIBETAN PLATEAU ; ARUNACHAL-PRADESH ; LOWER PLEISTOCENE ; FOOT HILLS ; CLIMATE ; UPLIFT ; INDIA ; DIVERSITY ; COLLISION
WOS研究方向	Physical Geography ; Geology ; Paleontology
WOS记录号	WOS:000456355800024
出版者	ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
文献子类	Article
出版地	AMSTERDAM
EISSN	1872-616X
资助机构	NERC/NSFC BETR Project [NE/P013805/1]
作者邮箱	sbbot@caluniv.ac.in
作品OA属性	Bronze
引用统计	被引频次：16[WOS] [WOS记录] [WOS相关记录]
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://ir.ibcas.ac.cn/handle/2S10CLM1/19404
专题	系统与进化植物学国家重点实验室
作者单位	1.Sidho Kanho Birsha Univ, Dept Bot, Ranchi Rd, Purulia 723104, India 2.Univ Calcutta, Dept Bot, Ctr Adv Study, 35 BC Rd, Kolkata 700019, India 3.Spicer, Robert A.] Open Univ, Sch Environm Earth & Ecosyst Sci, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England 4.Spicer, Robert A.] Chinese Acad Sci, Xishuangbanna Trop Bot Garden, Menglun 666303, Yunnan, Peoples R China 5.Spicer, Teresa E. V.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Bot, 20 Nanxincun, Beijing 100093, Peoples R China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Khan, Mahasin Ali,Bera, Meghma,Spicer, Robert A.,et al. Palaeoclimatic estimates for a latest Miocene-Pliocene flora from the Siwalik Group of Bhutan: Evidence for the development of the South Asian Monsoon in the eastern Himalaya[J]. PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY,2019,514:326-335.
APA	Khan, Mahasin Ali,Bera, Meghma,Spicer, Robert A.,Spicer, Teresa E. V.,&Bera, Subir.(2019).Palaeoclimatic estimates for a latest Miocene-Pliocene flora from the Siwalik Group of Bhutan: Evidence for the development of the South Asian Monsoon in the eastern Himalaya.PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY,514,326-335.
MLA	Khan, Mahasin Ali,et al."Palaeoclimatic estimates for a latest Miocene-Pliocene flora from the Siwalik Group of Bhutan: Evidence for the development of the South Asian Monsoon in the eastern Himalaya".PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY 514(2019):326-335.

条目包含的文件
文件名称/大小	文献类型	版本类型	开放类型	使用许可
1-s2.0-S003101821830（4151KB）	期刊论文	出版稿	开放获取	CC BY-NC-SA	浏览请求全文