Change in the periodicity of a cyclical forest defoliator: An indicator of ecosystem alteration in Western Canada

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2018.07.060

	Change in the periodicity of a cyclical forest defoliator: An indicator of ecosystem alteration in Western Canada
	Alfaro, Rene I.; vanAkker, Lara ; Berg, Jenny ; Van Hezewijk, Brian ; Zhang, Qi-Bin ; Hebda, Richard 2; Smith, Dan 3; Axelson, Jodi 4
	2018
发表期刊	FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
ISSN	0378-1127
卷号	430 页码:117-125
摘要	The western spruce budworm (Choristoneura occidentalis Freeman = C. freemani (Razowski), Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) (WSB) is a recurrent defoliator of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) and other conifers in western North America. Repeated defoliation causes timber depletions, which often require control using pest management programs involving combinations of aerial sprays with biological controllers (Bacillus thuringiensis) and other tactics. Anticipating the recurrence cycle of this periodic defoliator is important for forest management planning, which needs to consider budworm-caused depletions in timber supply analyses, and for risk management and control. We studied the historical periodicity of outbreaks at the western edge of the insect's distribution, on southern Vancouver Island, British Columbia, using the methods of dendrochronology applied to a living Douglas-fir chronology spanning 734 years (1281-2014 CE) and a floating chronology dating from 1863 to 1528 before the Common Era (BCE). To separate the growth fluctuations due to budworm defoliation from climatic fluctuations in the living chronology, we compared the temporal growth patterns of Douglas-fir with those of the non-budworm host western red cedar (Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don), which is sympatric with Douglas-fir in this area. We concluded that before the 1930s, outbreaks were frequent, severe, and often spatially synchronized. Following the 1930s, periods of growth reductions indicative of outbreaks were present at the same frequency, but were less severe and not as synchronized as before. We provide evidence to suggest that periodic budworm disturbances on southern Vancouver Island have persisted through the centuries but that this regime has gradually shifted outside its historic range at about 1930. We concluded that although WSB is still present in this setting, population levels have not reached detectable outbreak levels for the last 90 years. We hypothesized that the absence of budworm outbreaks in the last 90 years is a response to the drastic ecosystem changes in this region caused by exploitation and fragmentation of the virgin forests, to possible changes in climate and to the accidental introduction of novel budworm predators into the ecosystem.
学科领域	Forestry
DOI	10.1016/j.foreco.2018.07.060
收录类别	SCI
语种	英语
WOS关键词	SPRUCE BUDWORM OUTBREAKS ; SWISS NEEDLE CAST ; TREE-RING RECONSTRUCTION ; DOUGLAS-FIR FORESTS ; BRITISH-COLUMBIA ; MULTICENTURY ; GROWTH ; PLANTATIONS ; PATTERNS ; HISTORY
WOS记录号	WOS:000449137300011
出版者	ELSEVIER
文献子类	Article
出版地	AMSTERDAM
EISSN	1872-7042
资助机构	Canadian Forest ServiceNatural Resources CanadaCanadian Forest Service
作者邮箱	rene.alfaro@canada.ca
引用统计	被引频次：3[WOS] [WOS记录] [WOS相关记录]
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://ir.ibcas.ac.cn/handle/2S10CLM1/20707
专题	植被与环境变化国家重点实验室
作者单位	1.Canadian Forest Serv, Pacific Forestry Ctr, 506 W Burnside Rd, Victoria, BC V8Z 1M5, Canada 2.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Bot, State Key Lab Vegetat & Environm Change, 20 Nanxincun, Beijing 100093, Peoples R China 3.Royal British Columbia Museum, Victoria, BC, Canada 4.Univ Victoria, Dept Geog, Tree Ring Lab, Victoria, BC V8W 3R4, Canada 5.Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94702 USA
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Alfaro, Rene I.,vanAkker, Lara,Berg, Jenny,et al. Change in the periodicity of a cyclical forest defoliator: An indicator of ecosystem alteration in Western Canada[J]. FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT,2018,430:117-125.
APA	Alfaro, Rene I..,vanAkker, Lara.,Berg, Jenny.,Van Hezewijk, Brian.,Zhang, Qi-Bin.,...&Axelson, Jodi.(2018).Change in the periodicity of a cyclical forest defoliator: An indicator of ecosystem alteration in Western Canada.FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT,430,117-125.
MLA	Alfaro, Rene I.,et al."Change in the periodicity of a cyclical forest defoliator: An indicator of ecosystem alteration in Western Canada".FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT 430(2018):117-125.

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