Cropping system yield gaps can be narrowed with more optimal rotations in dryland subtropical Australia

doi:10.1016/j.agsy.2020.102896

	Cropping system yield gaps can be narrowed with more optimal rotations in dryland subtropical Australia
	Hochman, Zvi ; Horan, Heidi ; Garcia, Javier Navarro ; Hopwood, Garry 1; Whish, Jeremy ; Bell, Lindsay 2; Zhang, Xiying 3; Jing, Haichun4
	2020
发表期刊	AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS
ISSN	0308-521X
卷号	184
摘要	Closing the gap between yields currently achieved on farms and those that can potentially be achieved with best practice and current technology (the yield gap) is a key strategy to intensify grain production without expanding cropland. Much research has been done to quantify the yield gap of wheat, maize and rice globally and of wheat, barley, canola, sorghum and pulse crops in Australia. However, crops are grown in rotations (recurring crop sequences) that vary in their cropping intensities and in the diversity of their species. Little is known about yield gaps at the cropping system level, especially in regions where there are many possible combinations of crop types and fallow periods. This prompted us to investigate crop rotations in Australia's subtropical grains region where current crop rotations include winter and summer cropping with cereal, pulse and oilseed crops interspersed with fallow periods ranging from nil to 18 months duration. To determine the system level yield gaps, we simulated the water-limited yield potential of 26 locally practiced crop rotations for over 800 weather stations by up to 3 soil types per station. We captured the impact of climate variability with 30-35 years by 2-7 fields per rotation for each site. We expressed the results in terms of energy, protein and revenue per hectare per year and mapped the results of the optimal rotations over the cropping zone. Surprisingly, a single rotation (sorghum/ fallow/mungbean/wheat/fallow/chickpea rotation; with 4 crops in 3 years, balanced between summer and winter crops and between cereal and pulse crops) was optimal for revenue over almost the whole subtropical grain zone. Using revenue as the metric for yield gaps at statistical local area scale we found, over the whole subtropical zone, a mean revenue gap of 970 $/ha/yr. This represents a relative revenue (Revenue% = 100 x (actual revenue/water-limited revenue)) of 34% which is much lower than expected from the 40-60% relative yields achieved by individual crops. We investigated whether growers may select rotations that have lower revenue than the optimal rotation in response to economic factors such as profit and risk. We found that for much of the area the same rotation that optimised revenue also optimised profit. However, for some of the cropping zone, particularly in the south western portion, a different, less intensive and more winter dominant, rotation was most profitable. Similarly, risk averse farmers may choose less productive and profitable rotations with less risk.
关键词	Crop rotations Crop sequences Sustainable intensification Simulation Trade-off analysis
学科领域	Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
DOI	10.1016/j.agsy.2020.102896
收录类别	SCI
语种	英语
WOS关键词	WHEAT ; SEQUENCES
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
WOS记录号	WOS:000571005900015
出版者	ELSEVIER SCI LTD
文献子类	Article
出版地	OXFORD
EISSN	1873-2267
资助机构	Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)Chinese Academy of Sciences ; Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation of Australia (CSIRO)Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) ; Grains Research and Development Corporation (GRDC) Australia, through the Northern Farming Systems Project [CSA00050]
作者邮箱	Zvi.Hochman@csiro.au
引用统计	被引频次：15[WOS] [WOS记录] [WOS相关记录]
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://ir.ibcas.ac.cn/handle/2S10CLM1/21584
专题	中科院北方资源植物重点实验室
作者单位	1.CSIRO Agr & Food, 306 Carmody Rd, St Lucia, Qld 4067, Australia 2.CSIRO Agr & Food, Black Mt, ACT, Australia 3.CSIRO Agr & Food, 203 Tor St, Toowoomba, Qld 4350, Australia 4.Chinese Acad Sci, IGDB, Ctr Agr Resources Res, Shijiazhuang 050021, Hebei, Peoples R China 5.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Bot, Key Lab Plant Resources, Beijing 100093, Peoples R China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Hochman, Zvi,Horan, Heidi,Garcia, Javier Navarro,et al. Cropping system yield gaps can be narrowed with more optimal rotations in dryland subtropical Australia[J]. AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS,2020,184.
APA	Hochman, Zvi.,Horan, Heidi.,Garcia, Javier Navarro.,Hopwood, Garry.,Whish, Jeremy.,...&Jing, Haichun.(2020).Cropping system yield gaps can be narrowed with more optimal rotations in dryland subtropical Australia.AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS,184.
MLA	Hochman, Zvi,et al."Cropping system yield gaps can be narrowed with more optimal rotations in dryland subtropical Australia".AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS 184(2020).

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