Environmental constraints on terrestrial vertebrate behaviour and reproduction in the high Arctic of the Late Cretaceous

doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.09.041

	Environmental constraints on terrestrial vertebrate behaviour and reproduction in the high Arctic of the Late Cretaceous
	Herman, Alexei B.; Spicer, Robert A.; Spicer, Teresa E. V.
	2016
发表期刊	PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY
ISSN	0031-0182
卷号	441 页码:317-338
摘要	Reconstructions of temperature and moisture regimes based on fossil leaves, combined with tree ring studies, detail the light regime, length of the growing season, and summer and winter temperatures of the Late Cretaceous Arctic. Such constraints have important implications for dinosaur feeding and reproductive behaviour, and the capacity to reside year-round in near-polar environments. At the highest palaeolatitudes where dinosaurs have been found (82-85 degrees N) winter darkness lasted for similar to 120 days and the spring and autumn twilight periods for similar to 15 days. A mostly cloud and mist-shrouded environment witnessed a mean annual temperature (MAT) of 6-7 degrees C, a warm month mean temperature (WMMT) of 14.5 +/- 3.1 degrees C and a cold month mean temperature (CMMT) of -2 +/- 3.9 degrees C. Growth rings in wood suggest summer temperatures frequently fell below + 10 degrees C. Winter temperatures as low as -10 degrees C were likely for short periods. Spring bud break in late February to early March and leaf fall in early October limited the time when fresh food was available in any quantity to not more than 6 months. The diversity of Arctic dinosaur body sizes implies a range of overwintering strategies but year-round residency requires reproduction. Burrowing and enclosed nest building no doubt facilitated overwintering for small animals, but for larger dinosaurs shelter was problematical. No dinosaur egg remains have yet been found as far north as 82 degrees palaeolatitude, but they occur 6 further south in the Early Maastrichtian Kakanaut Formation, Northeastern Russia. Here the winter darkness was shorter (45 days), and the temperature regime warmer (MAT 10 degrees C, WMMT 19 degrees C, CIVIMT +3 degrees C). The growing season (temperatures > 10 degrees C) was similar to 6.3 months and fresh food was available in quantity for slightly longer. These summer temperatures constrain the thermal regime of nest environments and suggest sophisticated nest management and possibly brooding strategies for the necessary rapid incubation and hatching before the onset of winter. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
关键词	Late Cretaceous Arctic Plants Dinosaurs Climate Nesting
学科领域	Geography, Physical ; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary ; Paleontology
DOI	10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.09.041
收录类别	SCI
语种	英语
WOS关键词	PRINCE CREEK FORMATION ; CENTRAL NORTH SLOPE ; HIGH-LATITUDE ; ALASKA ; FLORA ; DINOSAURS ; RIVER ; PALEOCENE ; EVOLUTION ; KORYAK
WOS研究方向	Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED)
WOS记录号	WOS:000367113700007
出版者	ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
Special Issue	SI
文献子类	Article
出版地	AMSTERDAM
EISSN	1872-616X
资助机构	American Chemical Society Petroleum Research FundAmerican Chemical Society ; North Atlantic Treaty OrganizationNATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organisation) [646184, RG.84/0646] ; U.S. Geological SurveyUnited States Geological Survey ; British Petroleum ; Oxford University ; University of London ; Open University, INTAS [95-0949] ; Royal Society of LondonRoyal Society of London ; Crafoord Foundation ; U.S. National Museum, Smithsonian Institution ; State of Alaska Geological and Geophysical Surveys ; Russian Foundation for Basic ResearchRussian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) [15-04-05688] ; [01201459177]
作者邮箱	alexeiherman@yandex.ru
作品OA属性	Bronze
引用统计	被引频次：25[WOS] [WOS记录] [WOS相关记录]
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://ir.ibcas.ac.cn/handle/2S10CLM1/25077
专题	系统与进化植物学国家重点实验室
作者单位	1.[Herman, Alexei B.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Geol, Moscow 119017, Russia 2.[Spicer, Robert A.] Open Univ, Ctr Earth Planetary Space & Astron Res, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England 3.[Spicer, Teresa E. V.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Bot, State Key Lab Systemat & Evolutionary Bot, Beijing 100093, Peoples R China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Herman, Alexei B.,Spicer, Robert A.,Spicer, Teresa E. V.. Environmental constraints on terrestrial vertebrate behaviour and reproduction in the high Arctic of the Late Cretaceous[J]. PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY,2016,441:317-338.
APA	Herman, Alexei B.,Spicer, Robert A.,&Spicer, Teresa E. V..(2016).Environmental constraints on terrestrial vertebrate behaviour and reproduction in the high Arctic of the Late Cretaceous.PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY,441,317-338.
MLA	Herman, Alexei B.,et al."Environmental constraints on terrestrial vertebrate behaviour and reproduction in the high Arctic of the Late Cretaceous".PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY 441(2016):317-338.

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